Fig. 1

Transgenic lines—differences in grain yield compared to IR64 under A well-watered and drought stress conditions in initial transgenic screenhouse and field trials (see Table 1 for description of trials), B in trial F-VRS where line 1-TZF5-72 more panicles compared with IR64 at flowering time, C in transgenics across all drought screenhouse and field trials. Each point represents the difference in mean grain yield values (n = 4) between the corresponding line and IR64. Statistical analyses were performed on replicated grain yield values in A, and significant differences compared to IR64 are indicated by * (p < 0.05) and ** (p < 0.01). The mean values per generation in C overlapped across experiments and thus were not compared statistically. SH Screenhouse, F Field, C Cylinder, DS dry season, WS wet season. IR64: drought susceptible wild-type, 14-1-2-10 BIL: drought tolerant QTL line in the background of IR64, 1-TZF5-13, 1-TZF5-24, 1- T-TZF5-72: transgenic lines. W well-watered, RS reproductive stage drought stress, VRS vegetative and reproductive stage drought stress