Table 5 Field efficacy of DHA and PA on rice growth throughout the season. The experiment was conducted in a naturally nematode-infested field. Plants were treated with DHA or PA alone or in combination as a foliar application or mock-treated with water or DMSO 15 days after transplanting (DAT) to the main field, followed by six spraying at 10 days intervals

Control

22.69 ± 1.4 c

27.56 ± 1.2 b

30.00 ± 1.6 b

35.50 ± 1.3 c

40.88 ±1.5 c

49.63 ±1.3 c

55.50 ± 1.7 c

67.86 ± 3.1 d

80.00 ± 2.2 c

DHA 10 mM

25.38 ± 2.0 abc

30.75 ± 1.5 ab

31.38 ± 1.5 b

40.06 ± 1.2 b

45.88 ± 1.6 bc

59.06 ± 2.8 ab

65.69 ± 3.1 b

81.32 ± 1.3 ab

86.50 ± 1.8 ab

DHA 20 mM

26.94 ± 0.9 a

32.21 ± 0.8 a

34.94 ± 1.3 a

45.31 ± 1.2 a

51.94 ± 1.6 a

61.81 ± 2.7 a

73.68 ± 2.7 a

86.69 ± 1.7 a

89.50 ± 1.2 a

PA 300 µM

23.06 ± 1.0 bc

28.53 ± 0.6 b

30.38 ± 0.7 b

37.0 ± 1.0 bc

43.73 ± 1.8 bc

53.75 ± 1.7 bc

65.30 ± 1.6 b

78.75 ± 1.7 bc

82.13 ± 2.3 bc

DHA 10 mM + PA 300 µM

26.13 ± 1.0 ab

30.63 ± 1.0 ab

33.25 ± 0.8 ab

40.06 ± 0.7 b

48.45 ± 0.6 ab

60.63 ± 1.0 a

73.50 ± 1.6 a

84.06 ± 2.3 ab

88.50 ± 1.8 a

DMSO 300 µM

22.13 ± 0.7 bc

27.75 ± 0.6 b

30.50 ± 0.9 b

36.40 ± 2.0 bc

43.09 ± 2.3 c

49.63 ± 1.7 c

63.86 ± 2.7 b

73.25 ± 3.1 cd

80.63 ± 2.0 c