Fig. 8

Manhattan plots showing the probability [−log10(p)] of 700,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 354 rice accessions to be associated with 11 cold tolerance traits: LTSS, Low-Temperature Seedling Survivability, measured at 4 °C, 8 °C, 10 °C, 12 °C, and 16 °C (Fig. 5); EL, Electrolyte Leakage, measured at 4 °C, 8 °C, 10 °C, 12 °C, and 16 °C (Fig. 4); LT50, Median Lethal Temperature (Fig. 7). The red dotted line indicates that SNPs with values of -log10(p) > 4 are significant and were used for genome-wide association study (GWAS)-based mapping of cold tolerance quantitative trait loci (QTL)