Fig. 2

OsDPE2 encodes rice Disproportionating Enzyme 2 located in the cytoplasm. a Phylogenetic analyses of DPE2 protein sequences from rice, Arabidopsis, soybean, tomato, sorghum, black cottonwood, grapes, purple false brome, moss, and Chlamydomonas. b Subcellular localization analysis of OsDPE2 in rice. OsDPE2-GFP and control GFP were transiently transformed into rice protoplasts. OsDPE2-GFP fluorescence signal was mainly detected in cytoplasm. Scale bar = 5 μm. c RT-qPCR showing the expression pattern of OsDPE2 in the mature young leaf (YL), stem (ST), root (RO), and in several developmental stages of young panicles (1 mm (P1), 2 mm (P2), 3–5 mm (P3), and > 10 mm (P4) young panicles) in ZH11, lax1-6 and Dular; Tukey's multiple comparisons test. Different letters represent statistically significant differences between data groups. d OsDPE2-specific antisense chain probes used for in situ hybridization of the paraffin sections of leaves and young panicles at various stages of ZH11 background samples. SAM secondary apical meristem, IM inflorescence meristem, PBM primary branch meristem, SBM secondary branch meristem, SM spikelet meristem, AnM anther meristem, An anther, T tapetum. Scale bar = 50 μm. e Twelve allelic mutants from transgenic ZH11 plants. osdpe2#01 was used for subsequent functional analysis in ZH11