Table 1 Genes involved in heat stress
Category | Gene | Accession number | Gene product | Functional role | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stress-related transcription factors | OsAREB1 | LOC_Os06g10880 | bZIP transcription factor | Regulates the expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes through an ABA-dependent pathway | (Hossain et al. 2010) |
OsMYB55 | LOC_Os05g48010 | R2R3-MYB transcription factor | Increases amino acid metabolism, improving high temperature tolerance | (El-Kereamy et al. 2012) | |
OsNTL3 | LOC_Os01g15640 | NAC transcription factor | Interacts with OsbZIP74 and plays an important role in thermotolerance | (Liu et al. 2020) | |
Heat shock transcription factors | OsHsfA2c | LOC_Os10g28340 | Heat shock transcription factor | Involved in transcriptional regulation of rice cytoplasmic gene HSP100 | (Singh et al. 2012) |
OsHSF7 | LOC_Os03g06630 | Heat shock transcription factor | Up-regulates Hsps and other protective genes during heat treatment, conferring higher basic heat tolerance | (Liu et al. 2009) | |
Heat shock proteins | HSP101 | LOC_Os05g44340 | Heat shock protein | Post-transcriptional interactions of HSA32/HSP101 occur in heat-treated rice seedlings, prolonging the effect of heat training | (Lin et al. 2014) |
Enzymes | GAD3 | LOC_Os03g13300 | Glutamate decarboxylase | Involved in tolerance to high temperature | (El-Kereamy et al. 2012) |
OsHCI1 | LOC_Os10g30850 | RING finger E3 ligase | Drives the nuclear export of multiple substrate proteins, and its heterologous | (Lim et al. 2013) | |
OsHTAS | LOC_Os09g15430 | RING Finger Ubiquitin E3 Ligase | Enhances rice heat tolerance by mediating H2O2-induced stomata closure | (Liu et al. 2016b) | |
TCM5 | LOC_Os05g34460 | Deg Protease Protein | Has a key role in chloroplast development and PSII functional maintenance under high temperature | (Zheng et al. 2016) | |
EG1 | LOC_Os01g67430 | Lipase | Promotes homeostasis of floral organs and tolerance of temperature fluctuations through high temperature-mediated mitochondrial lipase pathway | (Zhang et al. 2016) | |
OsTT1 | LOC_Os03g26970 | α2 subunit of the 26 S proteasome | Degrades toxic denatured proteins and maintains high temperature response process | (Li et al. 2015b) | |
TOGR1 | LOC_Os03g46610 | DEAD-box RNA helicase | Involved in normal rRNA precursor processing under high temperature conditions and is a chaperone protein of the nucleolar SSU complex; important for cell proliferation and growth under high temperature | (Wang et al. 2016a) | |
OsNSUN2 | LOC_Os09g29630 | NOP2/Sun (NSUN) RNA methyltransferase | Regulates the 5-methylcytosine (m5C) mRNA modification, increasing the efficiency of mRNA translation and maintaining normal growth at higher temperatures | (Tang et al. 2020) | |
OsHES1 | LOC_Os08g10600 | UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase | Plays a key role in adaptation to high-temperature stress and in the maintenance of chloroplast function | (Xia et al. 2021) | |
OsAET1 | LOC_Os05g45890 | tRNAHis guanylyltransferase | Regulates the high temperature response by playing a dual role in tRNA modification and translational control | (Chen et al. 2019) | |
OsTT3.1 | LOC_Os03g49900 | E3 ligase | TT3.1 ubiquitinates chloroplast precursor protein TT3.2 for vacuolar degradation, TT3.1 might serve as a potential thermosensor | (Zhang et al. 2022) | |
Other proteins | OsTT3.2 | LOC_Os03g49940 | Chloroplast precursor protein | Mature TT3.2 proteins in chloroplasts are essential for protecting thylakoids from heat stress | (Zhang et al. 2022) |
SLG1 | LOC_Os12g39840 | Cytosolic tRNA 2-thiolation protein 2 | Regulates the level of tRNA thiolation, positively regulating heat tolerance | (Xu et al. 2020) | |
OsLEA5 | LOC_Os05g50710 | Late embryogenesis abundant protein | Maintains the stability of LDH under heat stress | (He et al. 2012) | |
HSA32 | LOC_Os06g46900 | Heat stress-associated 32-KD protein | Post-transcriptional interactions of HSA32/HSP101 occur in heat-treated rice seedlings, prolonging the effect of heat training | (Lin et al. 2014) | |
OsCNGC16 | LOC_Os05g42250 | Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel protein | Mutation can significantly reduce or eliminate cytoplasmic calcium influx induced by temperature stress | (Cui et al. 2020) | |
OsTT2 | LOC_Os03g29380 | Gγ subunit | TT2 controls rice thermotolerance through SCT1-dependent alteration of wax biosynthesis | (Kan et al. 2022) | |
OsANN1 | LOC_Os02g51750 | Calcium-binding protein | Improves SOD and CAT activity and regulates H2O2 content and redox balance, providing comprehensive cell protection against abiotic stress | (Qiao et al. 2015) |