Photosynthetic Enhancement, Lifespan Extension, and Leaf Area Enlargement in Flag Leaves Increased the Yield of Transgenic Rice Plants Overproducing Rubisco Under Sufficient N Fertilization

Rice

Table 2 Plant height, leaf area, leaf length, height of the lamina joints of the flag, and penultimate leaf blades on 10 DHA in the early ripening stage in the plots applied with 15 g N m⁻² fertilizer

Line	Plant height (cm)	Leaf area (cm²)		Leaf length (cm)		Height of the lamina joints (cm)
Line	Plant height (cm)	FL	PL	FL	PL	FL	PL
Wild	115.8 ± 1.1 (100)	31.4 ± 0.9 (100)	34.1 ± 0.9 (100)	29.9 ± 0.9 (100)	36.2 ± 1.1 (100)	88.4 ± 1.1 (100)	61.0 ± 1.1 (100)
RBCS-sense	118.9 ± 0.5 (102)*	34.3 ± 0.9 (109)*	35.9 ± 0.9 (105)	33.9 ± 0.9 (113)*	34.9 ± 1.1 (96)	88.2 ± 4.7 (99)	61.9 ± 0.9 (101)

Data represent means ± the standard error (plant height: n = 26 in the wild-type and n = 20 in the RBCS-sense, leaf area of flag leaves: n = 60 in the wild-type and RBCS-sense, leaf area of the penultimate leaf blades: n = 51 in the wild-type and n = 49 in RBCS-sense, length of flag leaf: n = 35 in the wild-type and n = 34 in the RBCS-sense, leaf length of the penultimate leaf blades: n = 20 in the wild-type and n = 23 in the RBCS-sense, height of lamina joints: n = 30 in the wild-type and the RBCS-sense). *p < 0.05 between the wild-type and RBCS-sense rice plants using Student’s t-test. Values in parentheses indicate the percentage of the values of wild-type rice plants. The abbreviations stand as follows: “DAH”; days after heading, “FL”; flag leaves, “PL”; penultimate leaf blades, “RBCS-sense”; transgenic rice plants overproducing Rubisco, “Wild,”; wild-type rice plants