Fig. 1

Tissue-specific expression patterns and subcellular localization of OsCBM1 in rice. A Protein structure of OsCBM1, showing it is an only malectin-like domain-containing protein. B Tissue-specific expression pattern of OsCBM1. The wild-type (WT, Nipponbare) of rice plants were allowed to grow in paddy fields and the different plant organs or tissues at various developmental stages, namely seedling, tillering, booting, and heading stages, were collected. After harvest, the developmental and tissue-specific expression patterns of OsCBM1 were assessed with qRT-PCR, using OsActin1 as the internal control. C Analysis of the subcellular localization of OsCBM1 using a Nicotiana benthamiana protoplast transient transformation system, showing both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM) localization of OsCBM1. AtCBL1n-mCherry served as a marker for PM protein localization and AtCHS-mCherry was used as a marker for ER protein localization. Bars = 10 μm. D Inducible expression profiles of OsCBM1 in response to hormone treatments and abiotic stresses. Healthy and uniform rice seedlings (WT, Nipponbare) were selected and grown in a hydroponic solution. Two-week-old seedlings were exposed to various abiotic stresses and phytohormones, including ABA (100 μM), SA (500 μM), GA (50 μM), MeJA (100 μM), dehydration (20% PEG6000), salt (200 mM NaCl), oxidative (15 μM MV), cold (4 °C) and heat (40 °C). The whole leaf blades from the plants were harvested at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h intervals after treatments. Relative expression levels of OsCBM1 were analyzed with qRT-PCR using OsActin1 as the internal control. Data are means of three biological replicates (n = 9)