Genetic differentiation and restricted gene flow in rice landraces from Yunnan, China: effects of isolation-by-distance and isolation-by-environment

Rice

Table 1 Mantel tests for the correlation between genetic/morphological differentiation and geographic/environmental distance of rice landraces in japonica and indica groups

Group	Matrix pair	Phenotype	All loci	SSR	CatA	GBSSII	Os1977	STS22	STS90	S5	Pid3	Ehd1	GS3	GS5
Japonica	G ×Dist	0.2779**	0.3757**	0.4075**	0.0077	0.0205	0.0147	0.0493	-0.0703	0.1081	0.1252	-0.0558	0.1309	0.3408**
Japonica	G ×Env	0.2597*	0.3350**	0.3280**	-0.0321	0.0937	0.1461	0.1355	0.2114*	0.0659	-0.0609	0.0672	-0.0362	0.0248
Indica	G ×Dist	0.1340	-0.0054	0.1557	0.0086	0.2258**	0.1078	0.1521**	-0.0105	0.1148	-0.0277	0.1394*	0.0518	-0.0412
Indica	G ×Env	0.1512	0.0176	0.1562	0.1713	0.2676**	0.0986	0.0236	-0.0338	-0.1108	0.0484	-0.0234	-0.0450	0.009

G genetic distance; Dist geographic distance; Env environmental distance. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01