Fig. 4

Percentage of shallow and deep root length in Swarna, Moroberekan and the four selected QTL lines under drought stress in the field. Total root length measured in 15-cm soil segments from 0 to 60 cm were analyzed to calculate the percentage (%) shallow (0–30 cm; a) and deep (30–60 cm; b) roots. Results from the late maturity group of Experiments 13WS and 14DS are presented for Swarna and Moroberekan. Bars represent mean values ± se (n = 3–4). P-values shown are for genotypic (G), experimental (E) and genotype × experiment (G × E) differences calculated across the different experiments and letters indicate different significance groups. The gray lines represent the mean value of Swarna