Aroma volatile analyses and 2AP characterization at various developmental stages in Basmati and Non-Basmati scented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

Hinge, Vidya R.; Patil, Hemant B.; Nadaf, Altafhusain B.

doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0113-6

Rice

Table 1 List of volatile compounds identified at various developmental stages in 3 rice cultivars

From: Aroma volatile analyses and 2AP characterization at various developmental stages in Basmati and Non-Basmati scented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

Sr.No	Compound	Odor description	Retention Index (RI)		AM-157	BA-370	IR-64
			Exp	Ref	Stage of occurrence
1. Alkane
1	Nonane	Gasoline-like	901	900	S4, S5, S6	S4 to S7	S5, S6
2	4-Methyldecane^b	Pungent,	1022	1023	S7	ND	ND
3	Dodecane	Gasoline like	1196	1200	S1, S4 to S7	S1, S4 to S7	S1, S4 to S7
4	Tetradecane^a	Gasoline-like	1390	1400	S1 to S7	S1 to S7	S1 to S7
5	Pentadecane^a	Mild odor	1501	1500	S1 to S7	S1 to S7	S1 to S7
6	Heptadecane^a	NA	1698	1700	S1 to S7	S1 to S7	S1 to S7
7	Nonadecane^a	Sweet, rosy	1898	1900	S1 to S7	S1 to S7	S1 to S7
2. Alkene
1	Allylcyclohexane^b	NA	965	969	S2, S3	S1 to S3	ND
2	(E)-5-Methyl-4-decene	NA	1094	1100	S1 to S3, S5 to S7		S2,S5, S6
3	(Z)-3-Undecene	Hydrocarbon	1116	1123	S2,S3,S4 - S6	S1- S3, S7	S1, S3
4	(Z)-3-Dodecene	Pleasant odor	1194	1195	S1,S2, S4 - S6	S1,S2,S4-S7	S1, S4-S7
5	7-Tetradecene	NA	1362	1367	S1, S2, S7	S1 to S3	S1 to S3
6	1-Tetradecene^a	Mild pleasant	1392	1385	S1 to S7	S1 to S7	S1 to S7
3. Ketone
1	2-Heptanone^a	Fruit,spicy	896	889	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
2	6-Methyl-2-heptanone^a	Camphoreous	956	957	S1-S4, S7	S1-S4, S7	S1-S4, S7
3	6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one^a	Herby, green	987	988	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
4	(E)-3-Octen-2-one^a	Citrus, floral	1040	1036	S1,S2, S6,S7	S1,S2,S4,S6,S7	S1,S2,S6,S7
5	2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone	Citrus, hone	1043	1047	S1-S4	S1-S4	S1-S4
6	2-Nonanone	Green, herbal	1094	1093	S1, S2, S5	S1, S2, S7	S1, S2
7	(E)-5-Ethyl-6-methyl-3-hepten-2-one	Citrus type	1147	1144	S1, S6, S7	S1, S3-S7	S6, S7
8	4-Cyclopentylidene-2-butanone^b	Woody, fruity	1151	1158	S7	ND	ND
9	2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1,4-dione	Musty, citrus	1156	1152	S1-S6	S1-S4, S6-S7	S1-S7
10	2-Undecanone	Floral, pineapple	1301	1302	S5	S4	S4
11	6,10-Dimethyl-2-undecanone	NA	1404	1398	S3, S5-S7	S1-S3, S5-S7	S3, S5-S7
12	β-lonone^b	Raspberry, floral	1495	1493	S1, S2	S2, S7	ND
4. Aromatic Hydrocarbon
1	p-Xylene^b	Strong, Sweetish	897	907	S1	S1	ND
2	Toluene^b	Sweet, Pungent,	995	1005	S7	ND	ND
3	1-Isopropyl-2-methylbenzene	Woody, Smoky	1025	1025	S1-S3	S1-S3	S2
4	1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene	Woody, Smoky	1027	1023	S1-S3, S5	S1-3, S5	S2
5. Terpenes
1	Pinene	Herbal type odor	935	930	S2	S1-S3, S5	S1, S2
2	Camphene^b	Woody camphoreous	950	958	ND	S2, S5	ND
3	3-Carene^a	Sweet & pungent	1014	1015	S1-S6	S1-S6	S1-S6
4	L-Limonene	Lemon	1038	1040	S1	S5	S5
5	Azulene^a	NA	1324	1323	S7	S3	ND
6	β-Elemene	Fruity, Dry	1405	1403	S1-S3	S1-S3	S1, S2
7	Isolongifolene	Fresh woody	1420	1416	S1-S5	S1-S5	S1-S5
8	Longifolene	vegetal/flowery	1437	1432	S1-S6	S1-S7	S1-S6
9	β-Caryophyllene	Spicy type odor	1443	1444	S1-S6	S1-S7	S1-S6
10	Aromadendrene ^a	Woody type odor	1447	1439	S1	ND	S1
11	Valencen	Sweet, citrus	1472	1477	S1-S6	S1-S6	S5-S6
6. Alcohol
1	1-Pentanol^a	Moderately strong	803	792	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
2	(Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol^a	Green type odor	880	872	S1-S6	S1-S7	S1-S6
3	1-Hexanol^a	Green	866	860	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
4	1-Octen-3-ol^a	Straw, mushroom	972	969	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
5	1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-	Heavy, earthy	1030	1033	S4-S7	S4, S5, S7	S3-S5
6	1-Octanol^a	Fatty, metallic	1073	1073	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
7	Linalool^a	Sweet, floral,	1102	1100	S1-S3,S5,S7	S1, S2, S4, S7	S1-S2, S4-S7
8	3, 4-Dimethylcyclohexanol	NA	1123	1126	S2-S6	S1-S7	S1-S7
9	2 Nonen-1-ol^a	Green type	1134	1135	S1-S3,S5, S7	S1-S3, S5-S7	S1,S2, S4-S7
10	Carveol	Spicy type	1161	1188	S1,S3, S6,S7	S1, S2, S6, S7	S1-S3, S5-S7
11	3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol	Sweet, rosy	1204	1196	S2, S7	ND	S5
12	2-Hexyl-1-octanol^a	Waxy	1600	1591	S1-S7	S2, S3, S5-S7	S1-S3, S5-S7
13	2-Hexadecanol	NA	1798	1774	S1-S7,	S2-S3, S5-S7	S1-S3,S5, S6
7. Aliphatic Aldehyde
1	Pentanal^a	Strong, Acrid	710	707	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
2	Hexanal^a	Green	816	820	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
3	(E)-2-Hexenal	Sweet, fruity, fresh	869	860	S2, S3	S1-S3, S5, S6	S2
4	Heptanal^a	Grass, fresh	904	905	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
5	(Z)-2-Heptenal	Fatty green	961	960	S2-S7	S1-S7	S3-S7
6	Octanal^a	Citrusy	1007	1005	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
7	(E,E)-2 4-Octadienal^a	musty, cooked starch	1017	1021	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S6
8	(E)-2-Octenal^a	nutty, cooked flour	1063	1068	S1-S7	S1-S3, S5-S7
9	Nonanal^a	Grassy, citrus, floral	1108	1104	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
10	(E,Z)-2,6-Nonadienal^b	Green, metallic	1155	1153	S1, S5, S7	S2	ND
11	(E)-2-Nonenal	Metallic	1165	1162	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
12	Decanal^a	Fatty, citrusy	1210	1204	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
13	(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal	Fatty, metallic	1219	1217	S1-S3, S7	S1-S3	S1, S2
14	β-Cyclocitral	Minty type odor	1234	1237	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
15	(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- yl)acetaldehyde	NA	1269	1261	S1-S6	S1-S4, S6	S1-S6
16	(E,E)-2,4-Decadienal	Fatty, metallic, citrus	1325	1318	S1-S5, S7	S1-S7	S1-S4
8. Aromatic aldehyde
1	Benzaldehyde^a	Nutty,sweet	970	965	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
2	Phenylacetaldehyde^a	Herbal, floral	1052	1048	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
3	Vanillin^a	Vanilla-like	1415	1403	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
9. N-Heterocyclic
1	2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline^ab	popcorn-like	925	930	S1-S7	S1-S7	ND
2	1-(1H-Pyrrol-2-yl) ethanone^b	Musty and nutty	1043	1035	S1, S3-S7	S1-S7	ND
3	1H-Indole^ab	Floral, sweet, burnt	1306	1304	S1-S3	ND	ND
10. Ester
1	Ethyl hexanoate	Fruity,	989	984	S1	S1	S1
2	Ethyl heptanoate	Berry like odor	1088	1083	S1	S1	S1
3	Ethyl octanoate	Waxy type	1193	1183	S1, S2	S1, S2	S1, S2
4	Methylsalicylate	Minty type odor	1201	1206	S1-S6	S1-S7	S1-S7
5	Acetic acid, 1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo(2,2,1)hept-2-yl, ester^b	NA	1285	1277	S1	S2, S5	ND
6	Methyl 2-aminobenzoate^b	sweet, grape fruity	1365	1372	S2, S4	S1, S2, S4	ND
7	Ethyl laurate^b	Waxy type	1586	1581	S1, S2, S3	S1,S3	S1
11. Phenol-containing
1	Phenol^a	Sweet and tarry	981	980	S1, S2, S3	S1-S3, S5	S1-S3
2	2-Methoxyphenol^a	Smoky	1087	1090	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
3	2-Phenoxyethanol	Pleasant odor	1224	1226	S2-S6	S1-S6	S3-S6
4	2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol^a	Spicy,fruity	1320	1313	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S6
12. Carboxylic acid
1	Benzoic acid^a	Pleasant odor	1179	1174	S1-S4	S1-S4	S1-S3
13. Furans
1	2-Pentylfuran^a	Floral, fruit, nutty	992	996	S1-S7	S1-S7	S1-S7
Total 88 compounds

^aCompound confirmed using standard
^bCompound detected only in scented rice cultivars, Expt experimental, Ref reference, NA not avaliable., ND not detected, S1 seedling, S2 tillering, S3 booting, S4 flowering, S5 milky grains, S6 dough grains, S7 mature grains., AM-157 ambemohar-157., BA-370 Basmati-370

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