Heat-tolerant rice cultivars retain grain appearance quality under free-air CO2 enrichment

Usui, Yasuhiro; Sakai, Hidemitsu; Tokida, Takeshi; Nakamura, Hirofumi; Nakagawa, Hiroshi; Hasegawa, Toshihiro

doi:10.1186/s12284-014-0006-5

Rice

Table 3 The effect of E-[CO ₂ ] on shape, protein content, 1000-grain weight and brown rice yield

From: Heat-tolerant rice cultivars retain grain appearance quality under free-air CO₂ enrichment

		Grain volume(mm³)		Grain shape						1000-grain weight^B(g)		Gain protein content^B(mg g⁻¹)		Brown rice yield^B(g m⁻²)
Cultivar Group^A	Cultivar (CV)	Grain volume(mm³)		Length(mm)		Width(mm)		Thickness(mm)		1000-grain weight^B(g)		Gain protein content^B(mg g⁻¹)		Brown rice yield^B(g m⁻²)
		FACE	AMB	FACE	AMB	FACE	AMB	FACE	AMB	FACE	AMB	FACE	AMB	FACE	AMB
ST	Akitakomachi	14.3	14.2	5.08	5.08	2.71	2.71	1.99	1.98	22.0	22.2	63.5	63.9	581	567
	Kinuhikari	14.5	14.4	4.95	4.97	2.80	2.80	2.00	1.98	22.6	22.2	64.3	66.0	577	517
	Koshihikari	14.1	14.3	5.01	5.05	2.77	2.79	1.94	1.95	21.6	21.8	57.4	63.0	679	604
	Nipponbare	14.6	13.9	5.04	4.96	2.76	2.74	2.01	1.96	22.1	21.4	58.0	61.3	415	374
	Matsuribare	13.4	13.0	4.96	4.92	2.67	2.68	1.94	1.89	20.7	19.4	60.1	59.9	580	419
HT	Mineharuka	15.0	14.8	5.39	5.38	2.62	2.62	2.03	2.01	22.5	22.2	56.4	63.1	535	518
	Toyama 80	14.1	14.1	4.96	4.99	2.77	2.76	1.96	1.95	21.7	21.6	53.3	56.6	578	557
	Eminokizuna	14.0	13.9	5.01	5.02	2.64	2.65	2.02	2.00	21.4	21.8	74.9	72.5	535	496
	Wa2398	14.2	14.1	5.00	5.02	2.76	2.77	1.96	1.94	21.3	21.6	65.1	67.4	540	457
	Kanto 257	14.8	14.8	5.34	5.33	2.69	2.70	1.97	1.97	22.7	23.3	55.0	59.8	564	538
	Kanto 259	14.7	13.9	5.21	5.12	2.72	2.72	1.98	1.91	22.6	21.3	54.6	57.8	506	410
	Saikai 290	14.8	14.5	4.96	4.93	2.87	2.86	1.99	1.96	22.5	21.8	59.5	58.8	583	475
	ST mean	14.2	14.0	5.01	5.00	2.74	2.74	1.98	1.95	21.8	21.4	60.7	62.8	566	496
	HT mean	14.5	14.3	5.12	5.11	2.72	2.72	1.99	1.96	22.1	21.9	59.8	62.3	549	493
12 cultivars mean		14.4	14.2	5.08	5.06	2.73	2.73	1.98	1.96	22.0	21.7	60.2	62.5	556	494
Source of variation	df	Statistical significance
Block	3
CO₂	1	*		ns		ns		***		P = 0.060		P = 0.083		P = 0.066
Main plot error	3
CV	11	***		***		***		***		***		***		***
Group^C	1	***		***		***		**		***		ns		ns
ST^C	4	***		***		***		***		***		***		***
HT^C	6	***		***		***		***		***		***		P = 0.053
CO₂ × CV	11	**		**		ns		***		***		**		ns
CO₂ × Group^D	1	ns		ns		ns		ns		ns		ns		ns
CO₂ × ST^D	4	**		**		ns		**		**		P = 0.095		ns
CO₂ × HT^D	6	*		*		ns		**		***		**		ns
Split plot error	66

^AST, standard cultivars. HT, heat-tolerant cultivars.
^BExpressed on a 15% moisture content basis.
^CSub-division of variation among the cultivars.
^DSub-division of variation among the CO₂ × CV interaction.
***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05; ns, not significant. Values indicate 0.05 < P < 0.1.

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