Fig. 4

Maps of the proto-indica hybridization hypothesis in space and time. The base map shows a geographical interpolation of the spread of rice (from Fuller et al. 2011b). In green is the focus of an early selection regime of japonica domestication and its initial dispersal zone, including northwards into the temperate zone. Blue indicates the potential spread of proto-indica exploitation and non-intensive cultivation, without major selection for domestication traits. Most of the spread in South Asia took place after hybridization.