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Table 3 The 11 enriched biological processes in the GO enrichment analysis

From: Genome- and Transcriptome-wide Association Studies to Discover Candidate Genes for Diverse Root Phenotypes in Cultivated Rice

Phenotype

Phenotype abbreviation

Direction of the association

GO ID

Description

# of genes with the tested annotation in the top 1% gene set

# of genes with an annotation in the top 1% gene set

# of genes with the tested annotation in the entire gene seta

# of genes with an annotation in the entire gene seta

P-value

FDR-adjusted

P-value

Crown root size

RS_C

Positive

GO:0006260

DNA replication

8

117

51

6051

4.89 × 10− 6

2.44 × 10− 4

Lateral root size

RS_L

Positive

GO:0006412

Translation

24

89

276

6051

5.49 × 10− 13

2.42 × 10− 11

Crown root diameter

RD_C

Positive

GO:0043086

Negative regulation of catalytic activity

3

69

16

6051

7.15 × 10− 4

2.50 × 10− 2

Crown root diameter

RD_C

Positive

GO:0006096

Glycolysis

4

69

45

6051

1.62 × 10− 3

2.84 × 10− 2

Crown root diameter

RD_C

Negative

GO:0009664

Plant-type cell wall organization

5

69

28

6051

1.34 × 10− 5

3.74 × 10− 4

Crown root diameter

RD_C

Negative

GO:0006979

Response to oxidative stress

6

69

70

6051

1.30 × 10− 4

1.82 × 10− 3

Lateral root diameter

RD_L

Negative

GO:0006457

Protein folding

10

56

139

6051

4.28 × 10− 7

9.41 × 10− 6

Lateral root diameter

RD_L

Negative

GO:0009408

Response to heat

3

56

10

6051

8.61 × 10− 5

9.47 × 10− 4

Lateral root diameter

RD_L

Negative

GO:0019538

Protein metabolic process

3

56

12

6051

1.56 × 10− 4

1.14 × 10− 3

Lateral root diameter

RD_L

Negative

GO:0006950

Response to stress

3

56

33

6051

3.37 × 10− 3

1.85 × 10− 2

The ratio of deep rooting

RDR

Positive

GO:0006310

DNA recombination

3

69

14

6051

4.72 × 10− 4

1.79 × 10− 2

  1. GO; gene ontology, FDR; false discovery rate
  2. aThe entire gene set consisted of 16,901 genes expressed in the root. As some genes were not annotated and some gene IDs were not convertible from MSU to RAP, the number of background genes reduced to 6,051 in the analysis